Break the [wounds + unawareness] cycle and guard your descendents

Options for Relating to Psychologically-wounded
Family Members
- p. 1 of 2

By Peter K. Gerlach, MSW

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The Web address of this article is http://sfhelp.org/Rx/kin/wounded.htm

        Clicking links below will open a full window or an informational popup, so please turn off your browser's popup blocker or allow popups from this nonprofit Web site.

        This is one of over 150 articles focused on healing psychological wounds, building high-nurtur-ance family relationships, breaking the [wounds + unawareness] cycle, and preventing divorce. This intro-duction describes the Web site's purpose and the best ways to use its resources. Each article is part of a mosaic of ideas, so the more you read, the more sense they'll all make. These articles augment, vs. replace, other qualified professional help.

        Before continuing, reflect: why are you reading this - what do you need?

Contents

        Do you have a parent, grandparent, sibling, aunt, or uncle whose behavior causes major stress for people in your home? If so, this article extends these basic options to propose...

  • why relating to wounded relatives can be extra hard;

  • preparations for relating better;

  • action options; and...

  • options for special cases:

    • parents and grandparents

    • addicted, disabled, and dependent relatives,

    • when minor kids are affected, and...

    • stepfamily relations.

What is a "Relative"?

        In our context, a relative is someone who...

  • has the same ancestors as you or your current or former partner, or...

  • has at least half of the genes you or your partner does, or...

  • is or was legally married to, or adopted by, a genetic ("blood') relative of yours or your mate's, and...

  • has a family role like biological or step parent, grandparent, son, daughter, sibling, aunt, uncle, cousin, nephew, niece, or "in-law." 

What's Special about Wounded Relatives?

         Premise - typical kids raised in low-nurturance environments survive by automatically developing up to six "false-self" (psychological) wounds: a fragmented personality, excessive shame, guilts, fears, real-ity distortions, and trust imbalances, and difficulty bonding. Without informed, adult intervention and a healthier environment, such survivors become Grown Wounded Children - GWCs.

        Some GWCs eventually hit true bottom, break protective denials of their wounds, and choose self-motivated wound-reduction ('recovery') - often in midlife. Most GWCs remain in denial and endure signifi-cant personal and family stress because of their wounds and unawareness. Without true (vs. pseudo) recovery, GWCs risk (a) choosing GWC partners, (b) unintentionally passing their wounds and un-awareness on to their descendents, and (c) chronic illness and premature death.

        Relationships with wounded adults and kids can be stressful in many ways. Relating to wounded genetic or legal relatives can be specially complex and stressful because...

  • ancestral and genetic ("blood") ties are usually deep and emotionally powerful;

  • family roles (responsibilities, standards, and behaviors) are deeply ingrained by ancestral, cultural, and religions traditions (e.g. "Honor they father and they mother"); so...

  • personal and social expectations of certain attitudes (like loyalty, trust, and honesty)  and beha-viors between relatives are higher compared to non-relatives; and...

  • most people expect their relatives to fill special needs (below) that non-relatives can't or won't satisfy.  

So - these general options for relating to significantly-wounded people may be harder to implement with kinfolk. If you have wounded relatives, what can you do?

Preparations

        To optimize your results from trying to relate "well-enough" to your wounded family member/s, first invest time and effort in steps like these...

        1)  Assess yourself for significant false-self wounds, and commit to reducing any you find. If you're not ready to do this, the following suggestions probably won't help you for now.

        2)  Choose a multi-decade outlook, and clarify your life priorities. When your true Self guides your personality, you'll probably value your integrity and wholistic health above all else.

        3)  Affirm your right to differ (respectfully) in values, lifestyle, and expectations from your relatives - specially your parents and grandparents. If some of your subselves disagree, identify each of them and learn what they fear (like rejection, disapproval, criticism, scorn, guilt, and conflict.) Work toward having such subselves (a) accept they are part of an inner family, and (b) trust your Self and other Regular sub-selves to keep you all safe enough in all situations.

        4)  Clarify the specific needs you depend on relatives to fill for you - e.g. "I need you to....

  • help me feel I belong - i.e. I need to be known, valued, and accepted ("loved") despite my flaws, failures, and limitations. The opposite of belonging is exclusion, rejection, or indifference.

  • provide a reliable refuge (security) and support in troubled and uncertain times; and I need you to...

  • provide companionship and social normalcy for me; and to...

  • share holidays and unique family transition events, like births, deaths, graduations, marriages, retirements, birthdays, anniversaries, and reunions; and I need you all to help me... 

  • define my unique identity - e.g. "I'm descended from German, Scotch, French Huguenot, and Sioux Indian ancestors."

  • (Add your other needs)

        More preparation options...

        5)  Non-judgmentally assess whether each "problem relative" has symptoms of significant false-self wounds. This is not about judging them as sick, crazy, mentally ill), or bad! In complex or volatile situations, consider using informed, objective professional counsel to help you assess relatives (inclu-ding kids) for significant wounds. Significant is a subjective judgment.

        6)  If you conclude that a relative is often controlled by a false self (i.e. significantly wounded), see if you regard them with respectful compassion, vs. scorn, pity, disgust, suspicion, jealousy, anger, fear, re-sentment, or indifference. The latter emotions suggest you're probably ruled by a false self too.

        Feeling genuine (vs. dutiful) compassion and respect for  a "problem relative" will help your commu-nication with them by sending genuine "=/="  R(espect)-messages. Feeling  compassion and empathy does not mean you must endure stressful attitudes or behaviors!

       7)  Identify the specific rules and attitudes you've inherited about how to regard and behave with your relatives and elders. Examples: "I must / have to / should / ought to...

  • respect ("honor") my family members and elders no matter what;

  • love my family members, no matter what;

  • support and defend my family members in all situations;

  • want to stay connected to my relatives, and I must...

  • want to include all my relatives in my thoughts and prayers; and...
     

  • endure my family members' weaknesses and limitations without complaint or criticism; and...

  • willingly sacrifice my own needs and preferences to preserve family unity and harmony; and...

  • want to participate in (and enjoy?) family gatherings, no matter what; and I have to...

  • feel proud of us all, no matter what; and I must...

  • want to preserve and defend our family's boundaries; and...
     

  • meet my senior relatives' expectations of me as a person and a descendent; and I should...

  • want to give my relatives and our family priority over other relationships; and...

  • feel proud and pleased for my relatives' triumphs and achievements; and I must...

  • want to honor our ancestral family secrets and traditions without questioning them.

  • (add your own rules about family relationships)

        Does it make more sense to you now that confronting wounds in your relatives is harder than with non-family relationships?

        Pause and reflect - what are you feeling and thinking now? Have you ever reviewed your specific expectations of yourself relative to your kinfolk and elders? Can you identify where you learned each  ex-pectation? Do you have stable personal permission to change or ignore any of your rules without ex-cessive guilt, shame, or anxiety? "No" is a sure sign of false-self dominance.

        8)  Using your Bill of personal Rights and these guidelines, change your "rules about family rela-tionships" to reflect your unique values, identity, and integrity. Examples:

  • I will respect my relatives and elders if they merit it. If they don't, I need not explain or justify this, and I may or may not discuss this with them.

  • I may or may not feel "love" for each relative. If I don't feel genuine love, I need not feel guilt, shame, or anxiety. Love, like trust and respect, must be earned.

  • I can use my own judgment to decide if, when, and how to participate in family gatherings and traditions - and I may decline without undue guilt, shame, or worry.

  • I can feel and express disagreement with any relative's values, attitudes, and behaviors without excessive shame, guilt, or fear - and they may disagree with mine.

  • I need not depend exclusively on my relatives to fill my needs for belonging, acceptance, and security.

  • I can define and enforce personal boundaries and limits with any family member without major shame, guilt, or anxiety.

  • I need not sacrifice my needs or welfare for my relatives any more than I would for a non-relative. Sacrificing out of duty or pity is self abuse.

  • I do not need to "save" or "stay connected" to a wounded relative out of duty or ancestral obliga-tion. I am not responsible for their wholistic health, welfare, or recovery, and they aren't responsible for mine.

  • (Add your own relationship rules)

        Can you imagine living by attitudes and rules like these? If not, identify which of your protective subselves don't trust your Self and Higher Power to keep you safe from scorn, rejection, disapproval, and change.

        9)  Upgrade your ability to spot and release outdated guilts. This will free you to change and act on your relationship rules and expectations comfortably if your Self guides your other subselves.

        And while you're progressing at all these preparation steps...

        10)  Intentionally sharpen your communication skills and effectiveness - specially your awareness, assertion, and listening skills. Stay clear on the vital difference between surface needs and primary needs, and focus on filling the latter. Apply these tips and phrases in important interactions with wounded adults and kids (and everyone else). As you do this, evolve effective strategies for avoiding and managing these three universal family stressors.

         We just reviewed practical preparations for relating well-enough with significantly-wounded relatives. Now let's put these preparations to work with some...

Action Options

        Numbering continues from above...

        11)  Become familiar with these general options for relating to wounded adults and kids.

        12)  Practice identifying the personal and family benefits of relating "well enough" to wounded family members (and other people). Compare these benefits to what you're used to: frustration, hurt, anger, distrust, anxieties, regrets, disappointments, confusions, guilts, and shame.

        13)  See if one or more other family members or supporters are interested in false-self wound reduction, and team up with them. Another option is to find and use (or start) a wound-recovery support group to affirm and encourage your efforts.

        14)  Identify what you really need from each "problem relative" - i.e. define specifically what you need to change in each role and relationship. Use these ageless wisdoms as guides.

        15)  With your true Self solidly in charge of your personality, watch for chances to respectfully assert your needs with each wounded relative. Avoid feeling responsible for "saving" the person or "show-ing them the light" - you probably can't.

        Expect "resistances" to your assertions, like threats, whining, outrage, cutoffs, name-calling, criti-cism, scorn, excuses, justifications, earnest promises, and attacks. Keep in mind that real (vs. pseudo) wound-recovery usually follows hitting true personal bottom, often in middle age. There are exceptions.

        Respond to any resistances calmly with empathic listening and firm reassertion and/or problem-solving. Because you're challenging your family's status quo, expect relatives to align "against you" (i.e. your challenging the family's traditional values and code of behavior - e.g. "You know we never disagree with or talk back to Grampa Eddie!")

        Option 16) Consider selectively informing other family members and supporters of what you're doing and why. If they don't know about personality subselves and psychological wounds, ask if they're open to  learn about them. Be prepared for "No" and "Not now." Option - call a family meeting to discuss wounds, effects, and recovery options.

        17)  Regardless of how your assertions work out, appreciate your courage and effort in trying to improve your family relationships.

        18)  In specially-troublesome or important relationships, consider using informed professional help to clarify and assert your needs and handle your relative's reactions. Effective helpers will know about subselves and false-self wounds and what to do about them.

Special Cases

        Some wounded relatives are harder to relate well with than others - e.g. parents and grandparents; addicted, disabled, or dependent relatives, and some stepfamily members (including ex inlaws.) These cases are specially hard if minor kids are involved. Review these baseline options, and then add these...  

Parents and Grandparents

        Most of us have distorted expectations of the adults who raise us - and often vice versa. So a useful step in relating to birth parents and genetic grandparents is to upgrade childish expectations of them to realistic ones. Compassionately accept they did the best they could for us - and never were the gods and goddesses we originally wanted them to be. It also helps to objectively assess whether each early care-giver got their childhood needs met "well enough." Usually they didn't, through no fault of their parents and their unaware society.

        Families generally assume that the effects of their adults' wounds and behaviors are normal. So it's useful to reflect on what your adults never taught you to expect as a child. Examples: effective parents and grandparents should teach their kids...

  • how to communicate, problem-solve, and grieve well. And...

  • encourage young kids' spiritual questioning and growth, and promote...

  • healthy curiosity about what the child's unique life purpose is going to be. Do you agree?

For more perspective, see this summary of healthy parenting goals.

        An important step toward forgiving - and relating well-enough to - our inevitably flawed parents and grandparents is to identify and intentionally mourn childhood losses. Can you describe what opportunities you lost because of your parents' wounds and unawareness? Typical losses are security, a carefree childhood, encouragement to be our unique selves, self esteem, and other basics. You're most apt to be able to identify your early losses if you are co-raising minor kids.

        Did you and each genetic grandparent have a chance to meet and know each other? If not, that's a mutual loss. Try defining the basic responsibilities of the role of grandparent, and compare that to how well each grandparent "did" for you. Did they prepare each of your bioparents well enough raise wholistic-ally-healthy kids? If you feel they didn't, can you say why? Start by assessing them for false self wounds... 

        Because parents are literally "older and wiser," they and their adult kids have to learn to see each other as co-equal, not superior-inferior, persons. Some wounded parents are frightened they'll have no value or social status if they acknowledge their kids are fully functioning, capable adults themselves.

        If your wounded senior relatives chronically "talk down" to (belittle, discount) you, part of learning to relate well with them is to (a) affirm your own dignity and integrity, and (b) confront their 1-up attitude and set limits with them. ("Dad, very time you interrupt me and use that condescending (or sarcastic) voice tone, I'm going to call you on it.")

        Option: in conflicts, ask parents calmly "Who's needs are more important to you here - yours or mine?" (The best answer is "Your and my needs are equally important to me.") Balance any confronta-tions about your equality and integrity by acknowledging respectfully that in important ways, your seniors do know more than you do about some things. And give yourself credit: if you're reducing your own wounds, you probably know more than they do about this vital task.  

        Overall, accept that you probably cannot motivate your parents and grandparents to acknowledge their wounds and start true recovery. You can plant seeds, describe your own wounds and healing with-out expectations, and then let go of feeling responsible for their enlightenment.

       Option - you can choose to promote your relatives' hitting (safe) bottom by not enabling them or ac-cepting a victim (1-down) role and enforcing your boundaries with them. Doing this will require your true Self to steadily lead the way!

Addicted, Disabled, and Dependent Relatives

        If one or more wounded kinfolk are addicted to a substance, activity, mood-state, or relationship, consider that all such toxic compulsions are unconscious attempts to self-medicate unbearable inner pain. Your odds for gaining an acceptable relationship go up if you focus on the addictive behaviors and the underlying wounds separately. See this for background on addictions and relationship options. Then select options from the above to deal with the addict's wounds and unawareness. These interact.

        Significant false-self wounds promote major health problems. If your "problem relative" has a phys-ical or mental disability and/or a chronic illness, your challenge is to balance empathy and respect with not being extra tolerant of their stressful GWC behaviors.

        The same challenge applies to wounded relatives who depend on you for non-medical reasons. It's inviting to c/overtly pity handicapped and disadvantaged adults and kids. Doing that is inherently disre-spectful, and will probably degrade your communications with them.

        If a wounded relative becomes overwhelmed and hopeless about their mental and physical condition and painful life, avoid reassuring them - specially if they're controlled by a Scared Child, and an active Pessimist, Worrier and Catastrophizer. Logic will have no effect on this, and will probably cause your relative to discount you and increase their despair.

        Be alert for becoming codependent with a disabled and dependent relatives - i.e. keep your People Pleaser in balance and your boundaries clear and respectfully enforced. Do you know the signs of code-pendence (relationship addiction) and what to do about this condition?

When Minor Kids are Affected

        When the behavior of wounded relatives threatens or stresses minor kids, it's inviting to discount or ignore their wounds, and to lose respect for them. The challenge in this case is to maintain your compas-sion for such adults while confronting and setting appropriate behavioral limits with them to guard depen-dent kids.

        Keeping this balance while reducing your own wounds requires...

  • your true Self to steadily guide your other subselves, and...

  • effective-communication attitudes and skills, starting with awareness. It also requires that you...

  • alert other family members to why you're confronting GWCs and enforcing limits with them.

The hardest case is when all adults in a child's home or family are significantly wounded. Then these guidelines are essential resources for keeping your balance. 

This related article offers perspective and guidelines for relating well-enough to wounded minor kids.

Stepfamily Relations

        Compared to average intact biofamilies, there are many more people and roles in typical multi-home stepfamilies. So...

  • the odds of significantly-wounded adults and kids are higher,

  • there are usually more concurrent relationship stressors to manage - specially loyalty and values conflicts and relationship triangles; with...

  • fewer social norms to guide you all, and...

  • less available informed help.

        Typical new-stepfamily relatives don't know each other well or at all, so they're reluctant to confront each other honestly until their several biofamily systems merge and stabilize. This can take four or more years from the originating couple's co-commitment.  The best time to assess potential relatives for sig-nificant wounds is during courtship.

        Asserting your needs and limits with average stepfamily relatives requires special tact, sensitivity, patience, and communication skill. Your minor kids need you adults to assert to help protect them against acquiring or increasing their own wounds.     

Recap

        This article defines "relatives," and extends these basic ideas by proposing options for relating to  significantly-wounded family members. Doing this can be specially challenging because of inherited rules (have to's, shoulds, can'ts, musts, and ought to's) about deferring to, and not confronting or disagreeing with, family seniors and "other people's children."

         The article illustrates (a) traditional rules and attitudes, and (b) new rules to promote relating well-enough with wounded relatives. It also offers special perspective and guidelines for relating well to wounded parents, grandparents, and addicted, disabled, dependent, and step family members.

        Two requisites for achieving good-enough relations with wounded family members (and anyone else) are (a) assess for, admit, and reduce your own wounds; and (b) intentionally improve your thinking and communication skills and effectiveness.

Note this related article about options for adapting to a significantly-wounded mate

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         Pause, breathe, and reflect - did you get what you needed from reading this? If so, what do you need to do now? If not, what do you need? Who's answering - your wise resident Self, or 'someone else'?

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Updated  November 07, 2008