Lesson 3 of 8 - learn grieving basics and grow a pro-grief family

The Three Multi-phase
Levels
of Healthy Grief

Assess your mourning status

By Peter K. Gerlach, MSW
Member NSRC Experts Council

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The Web address of this article is http://sfhelp.org/grief/levels&phases.htm

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        This is one of a series of articles supporting Lesson 3 in the Break the Cycle! self-study course. This lesson aims to educate readers to healthy grieving basics so they can spot and complete unfin-ished mourning of major losses.

        Typical survivors of childhood trauma (Grown Wounded Children - GWCs) never learned these basics, and risk psychological, physical, and relationship problems from incomplete mourning. This Lesson requires major progress on Lesson 1  - reducing psychological wounds.

        This article assumes you're familiar with...

  • the intro to this nonprofit web site and the premises underlying it.

  • self-study Lessons 1 thru 3

  • these Q&A items, and...

  • these brief research summaries.

        Wholistically-healthy children and adults naturally form bonds or attachments to special living, inan-imate, and invisible things throughout their lives. Eventually these bonds break by choice or chance, cau-sing minor to major invisible and physical losses.

        Nature provides an automatic reflex to allow us to accept our losses and their impacts, and return to "normal" (focused, calm, stable, balanced, purposeful) life again - mourning or grief. Healthy grievers move through predictable phases in two or three levels, as they restabilize their emotions, thinking, and perhaps spiritual faith. Behavioral symptoms of these phases allow gauging a mourner's progress - or lack of it.

        This concept suggests an answer to "When is grieving done?" Though each griever has their own answer, the general one is "When the mourner feels s/he has reached the acceptance phase of each level, and is no longer significantly distracted from living fully in the present and forming plans for the future.

        A common stressor in typical troubled families appears to be significant incomplete grief in one or more people. Lesson 3 in this Web site offers practical ways to assess for and facilitate unfinished grief, and evolve a pro-grief family over time.

        Here is a simplified picture of our normal three-level mourning process. It begins on the left, when a person (like you) first experiences a significant loss (broken bond). Some losses may be experienced before they occur ("I feel sure my sister and her husband will separate soon").

        To fully appreciate this diagram, scan this perspective on losses (broken bonds). Then scan these typical physical and invisible things kids and adults can lose from significant relationship and family changes.

        If you know someone who is grieving one or more significant losses now (including yourself), imagine where s/he is in progressing from left to right in each of these three levels. 

    Emotional phases of grieving     can take many months or years  

SHOCK or numbness

periods of feeling and expressing unfocused or specific anger or rage

periods of feeling and expressing sorrow,
apathy, and despair

normal emotional
stability (acceptance)

at the same time, healthy people move through...

    Mental phases of grieving     can take many months or years  

denial and/or confusion and "mind churning"

initial questions
coalesce; repeated venting

clarity grows on what was lost, and what the losses mean

credible answers stabilize, and confusion and venting abate no more questions or churning; stable focus returns;  occasional calm venting

and people with an initial faith in a High Power also may move through...

    Spiritual phases of grieving     can take many months or years  

disbelief, denial, pleading

searching: "How could my God permit  this loss?

loss of trust and faith in a Higher Power - cynicism

acceptance of not understanding God's plan gradual return and stabilizing of personal faith

        Each child and adult will move through the phases in each level at different rates, depending on their personalities + wholistic health + environment (pro-grief or anti-grief) + the magnitude and meanings (im-pacts) of their losses. When grievers of any age (a) are ruled by false selves and (b) lack too many of these requisites, they can become "stuck" in one or more of these phases, or reach "pseudo" accep-tance of their losses.

        Notice that this diagram gives you a way to gauge where you or someone else is in the grief pro-cess, if you focus on a specific loss or cluster of losses. Validate this idea using a major loss in your life. Are you done grieving yet?

        Note that grieving significant new losses can start before fully accepting prior losses on all three levels:

Multi-year mourning for original losses  - e.g. from childhood  ....  
  Multi-year mourning for new losses - e.g. from death or divorce....  
  Mourning more losses - e.g. from aging, cohabiting, and re/marriage...

         The cumulative effects of many unmourned losses can increase the intensity and duration of each phase above. (a) Knowledge of healthy grieving basics and (b) awareness of kids' and adults' losses and timings, and their personal mourning progress are vital parts of family Lesson 3.

        Gaining this awareness is best begun in courtship, for committing to partners before you or they and any kids are well along with these grief phases can promote major conflict and later psychological and legal divorce. This is specially true in average multi-home stepfamilies.     

Continue working on self-study Lesson 3!

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        Pause, breathe, and reflect: why did you read this article? Did you get what you needed? What did you learn? Would you say you're living in a pro-grief family now? Is your partner, if any? Are your chil-dren? Who's answering these questions - your wise, resident true Self or ''someone else''?

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Updated  August 30, 2010